NAT- Network Address Translation and Types of IP Address

In Todays Growing Networking World, there are increasing number of devices in a network. Each device is recognized by its Identical IP Address. Also the IP address division as Public and Private IP exhausting the future IP limit.

This placed the need for NAT (Network Address Translation) 

Network Address Translation What it does is, it translates the Private IP address to single Public IP.

Now the question arises what great it does by converting Private IP to Public IP???

For that you must know what is Private IP and Public IP First....

What is private IP address?

A private IP address is the address space allocated by user to allow organizations to create their own private network. There are three IP blocks (1 class A, 1 class B and 1 class C) reserved for a private use. The computers, tablets and smartphones sitting behind your home, and the personal computers within an organizations are usually assigned private IP addresses. A network printer residing in your home is assigned a private address so that only your family can print to your local printer.

When a computer is assigned a private IP address, the local devices sees this computer via it's private IP address. However, the devices residing outside of your local network cannot directly communicate via the private IP address, but uses your router's public IP address to communicate. To allow direct access to a local device which is assigned a private IP address, a Network Address Translator (NAT) should be used.

What is public IP address?

A public IP address is the address that is assigned to a computing device to allow direct access over the Internet. A web server, email server and any server device directly accessible from the Internet are candidate for a public IP address. A public IP address is globally unique, and can only be assigned to an unique device.